THEORY OF MARXISM

 Theory of Marxism

Introducation:

Marxism is one of the most significant theories and a philosophy that has contributed much to the modern world. German Philosopher Karl Marx helped the working class to question the injustice enforced upon them through their wages, life style and oppression. Marxism, for many, is a beginning of progress and evolution. Marx believed that instilling his ideology in the minds of people like him, would one day make the world, an ideal classless society.

Definition

Marxism is a social, economic and political philosophy that analyses the impact of the ruling class on the laborers, leading to uneven distribution of wealth and privileges in the society. It stimulates the workers to protest the injustice. The theory was formulated by Karl Marx and Fredrich Engels in their work, ‘The Communist Manifesto’. it was a pamphlet they created during the age of Imperialism, rooting from their own struggles as members of the proletariat lot. According to Marx, History demonstrates the existence of class struggle centuries earlier.

Goals of Marxism

1. In the Marxist literary analysis, the evolving history of humankind, of its social groupings and interrelations, of its institutions, and of its ways of thinking are largely determined by the changing mode of its “material production”— that is, of its overall economic organization for producing and distributing material goods. 

2. Changes in the fundamental mode of material production effect changes in the class structure of a society, establishing in each era dominant and subordinate classes that engage in a struggle for economic, political, and social advantage. 

3. Human consciousness is constituted by an ideology—that is, the beliefs, values, and ways of thinking and feeling through which human beings perceive, and by recourse to which they explain, what they take to be reality. An ideology is, in complex ways, the product of the position and interests of a particular class. In any historical era, the dominant ideology embodies, and serves to legitimize and perpetuate, the interests of the dominant economic and social class. 

Key Principles of Marxism

• There are two obvious divisions in the Capitalist society – the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariats. The exploitation of the latter is the essence of Marxist ideology.

• The Bourgeoisie enjoyed the power to control the toiling masses’ wages and work, leaving them vulnerable to even replacements in the future. The former had access to modern equipment and tools to make work easier and quicker, leaving the laborer with low wages and adding more profits to themselves.

now, there is some movies and serials also literary text which support this idea of marxism

1.Hairy Ape: Eugene o' neil

in this literary text there is protagonist Yank and he is belongs to labour class or poor class. on the other hand there is midred douglas who is belongs to aristocrat class.the marxist idea can be observe in this.

2.Pride and Prejudice

Social class conflict has been an issue throughout time and will likely proceed to be one for decades to come. Even “…the criterion in Islam is not [based on] color or social status” (Olajuwon Year). The faith is more focused on being a respectable individual. Unfortunately, class conflict is commonly the barrier of human interaction between high and middle classes with that of the lower classes. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice portrays how conflict is a pivotal theme throughout the story. Social classes demonstrate how one’s treatment of others is occasionally based on another’s family name or status in society. Throughout the novel, characters develop distorted opinions about others contributing to plot conflict. However, love often overcomes social classes in relationships in which are based on genuine love rather than on what society has labeled a couple. Thus, Austen triggers an eagerness to test which is stronger – love towards a person or the love of social status and vanity – in Pride and Prejudice.

3. Laadla(Movie)

There is another movie laadla. in which heroine shridevi belongs to aristocrat class and hero belongs to lower class.The headstrong owner of a factory, Sheetal, marries Raju, the union leader of the factory, to quell his spirit and teach him a lesson. In the process, she ends up learning a few lessons herself.