How to deconstruct a text?

This blog is response of thinking activity about deconsturcation which is given by Dr .Dilip barad sir. Firstly I would like to share about my understaning of the deconstrucation theory.

 

What is deconstrucation?

Deconstrucation is  difficult term the founder of this term Jacques Derrida once  said that it Derrida states that deconstruction is an "antistructuralist gesture" because "[s]tructures were to be undone, decomposed, desedimented"

Now i talk about 

How to deconstruct a text?

Deconstrucation of T.V. Serial

Here I talk about one T.V. serial which was very famous now a days and it is Anupmaa serial which was directed by rajan shahi. When we look at the poster of that it gives idea  about that the serial has a feminine voice.but it is not like that .

 the name of the serial is supports feminism but the voice is of male centric. This we feel when she was ask for permission  for every single thing.

In recent episode it is shown that now the protagonist is become businesswoman.Although she is cooking for her family, without any objection. So this gives idea about  male centric society.

 

Deconstrucation of Movie scene(mulk)

This is a scene from Mulk movie in which there is a binaries regarding  religion.the lawyer& Judge  both are believe in the Hindu religion when the witness is belonging from Muslim religion. So when he( the lawyer) ask question to witness regarding his religion (the lawyer of witness, who is also muslim) is objected with this religious argument. But judge is not stopping the lawyer to do this of religious argument .so it can be said that this scene has religion binaries of Hindu&Muslim.

 

Deconstrucation  of the T.V.ad

In this tv ad there is family and  the girl want to go for outing with her friends. although her mother was there she wasn’t take permission from her mother.  she take permission from her father, on the other hand it can be observe that  when the boy is go for outing he doesn’t  need to take permission from his father .he  only said that I am going out. so this ad also male centric.ad also support the patriarchal position of society.in the ad it is also shown that mother is there but she is cooking in the kitchen.so this is also suggest the  position  of female in the ad of feminism

 

 

 

 

An Astrologer's Day

             Introducation

This is a response of thinking activity on short stories of R.K Narayan. In this blog I have wrote about ‘’An Astrologer’s Day. Which  is based on malgudi days

 

About Writer

Life is about making right things and  what going on.    :R.K.Narayan

 R. K. Narayan was born on 10 October 1906 and passed away in 2001. In his long career he published fourteen novels, over two hundred short stories, a memoir, two travel books, innumerable essays, and two plays. His first novel was Swami and Friends (1935). His last published work was Grandmother's Tale (1992), which in many ways reinforced the concerns and motifs of his writing in his long career—themes like exile and return, education , woman and her status in the society, myths and the ancient Indian past, tradition and modernity, Malgudi and its culture, appearance and reality, the family and so on. These have been Narayan's consistent concerns in a career spanning over nearly seventy years. In this deep ploughing of a small plot of literary land, Narayan almost resembles Jane Austen who too, in a somewhat shorter career, painted in varying colours a small canvas of quintessential English life and manners. While the range of Austen or Narayan may be small, their depth places them in the ranks of the truly great novelists of their times. Perhaps no special case needs to be made for Austen because of the enormous scholarship on her. One might however need to highlight Narayan's excellences. In our postmodernist times a writer like him, who is not obscure, difficult or dense in his writings, is likely to be less in favour, though recent scholarship has begun to evaluate him in post-colonial-post-modern terms.

 

Works of R.K.Narayan

·   T Guide by R.K. Narayan, Michael Gorra (Introduction)

·   The Ramayana: A Shortened Modern Prose Version of the Indian Epic by R.K. NarayanW

 

What is short  Story?

short story, brief fictional prose narrative that is shorter than a novel and that usually deals with only a few characters.

The short story is usually concerned with a single effect conveyed in only one or a few significant episodes or scenes. The form encourages economy of setting, concise narrative, and the omission of a complex plot; character is disclosed in action and dramatic encounter but is seldom fully developed. Despite its relatively limited scope, though, a short story is often judged by its ability to provide a “complete” or satisfying treatment of its characters and subject.

About An Astrologer’s Day

"An Astrologer's Day" is a thriller, suspense story which describes a day in the life of an ordinary but fake astrologer. The main character here in this story is an astrologer who is unnamed.

 

Characters in Astrologer’s Day

Astrologer

Guru Nayak

Wife of astrologer

 

Summary of an astrologer’s day

The story begins with a description of the place and environment in which the astrologer meets his clients and does his work. He begins his work every day at midday in a public place under a large tree that is close to a public park in his town. The place chosen for his work is generally full of people who pass by or gather there, such as customers attracted by vendors of nuts, sweetmeats, and other snacks. It is a place poorly lighted in the evening, and because the astrologer has no light of his own, he must depend on what light comes from the flickering lamps kept by neighboring vendors; a dully lighted, murky place is best for his purpose. He is not an astrologer by profession but was led into it by circumstances that forced him to leave his village, where, if he had stayed, he would have settled down to a life of tilling the land.

 

He has a practical knowledge of the common problems of most people: “marriage, money, and the tangles of human ties.” His sharp eyes, used to scanning for customers, make people believe he has an unusual ability to tell people’s fortunes.

“An Astrologer’s Day” opens as its title character arrives at his workplace, at midday, and as usual spreads his charts and other fortune-telling props before him, though no one comes seeking his aid for many hours. Later, with nightfall approaching, he begins preparing to go home when, all of a sudden, he beholds a man standing in front of him. In the exchange of talk that ensues, the astrologer carefully tries to spread the net of his craft around the client, and the client, Guru Nayak, responds with a challenge: Would the astrologer tell him whether he, Guru Nayak, will be successful in a search he is carrying out, returning double the fee he has paid if the prediction cannot be made? The astrologer alternately accepts, declines, and feigns indifference, all the more to whet Nayak’s appetite and make him press his offer. The astrologer then catches a glimpse of Nayak’s face (previously shrouded in darkness) in the light of the match Nayak has struck under his cheroot, and, though at first chilled by the sight, decides to play out Nayak’s game: The astrologer tells him that he was once left for dead by another man, who had attacked him with a knife; Nayak, astonished, bares his chest to show the scar and wants to know if his assailant is alive. The astrologer, addressing him by name (to his further surprise), adds that his assailant is now dead and that he, Guru Nayak, should go back to his village and live out his life peacefully. To placate the still angry Nayak, who demands to know if the assailant met the kind of death he deserved, the astrologer replies that he was crushed under a lorry (truck). Nayak pays him the fee and hurriedly departs. The astrologer returns home late to his anxious wife and gives her the money he earned that day, adding that it all came from one client. The wife is happy but notices a slightly changed expression on her husband’s face; she asks him if there is something wrong. “Nothing,” he says but after dinner tells her that he is relieved that the man he thought he killed in a drunken brawl many years earlier is, in fact, alive. He says that it is late and goes to sleep on a pyol (mat).

For the better understanding of story we had watch a movie (an adoption of the original story )related to this movie

 we are asked for several question as a part of task. Here I wrote answer of those question as per my understanding.

Questions

1.    How faithful is the movie to the original short story?
Movie is completely faithful to the original short story.

There is some changes like when we read original story there is description like he wore saffron turbon but when we watch a movie there is nothing like it.in the original short story astrologer says it is time to sleep. When in the movie there is nothing like it. Before the astrologer sleeps he stretches himself in the movie in the original text there is nothing like it.

2.After Watching movie has your perception of short story, characters , situation has changed?

Yes, of course before watching movie I believe that in the short story the moral is only one and it is As you sow, so you reap but in this movie it wasn’t happened at all. Although  astrologer did wrong deed. He doesn’t  got punish so this perception is change here.

3.Do you find aesthic  delight while  watching the movie? If yes when did it happens ? if no then explain with reasons.

No, I did not found an  aesthic  delight because there is no particular climax scene by which  it feels like aesthic delight. When watching movie it is only delight not an aesthic delight.

 

4.Does the movie screening help you for better understanding of the movie?

Yes, the movie screeing helping us for better understanding of movie.by the movie screening we get a chance to see the gesture, posture of a character their speech as well as background of the character. When in the text it doesn’t happen

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Flip learning task

 Introduction 

In this blog I have discuss about Derrida &Deconstruction  theory which is given to us as a filp  learning task as a part of thinking activity.

What is filp  learning?

According to Kari M. Arfstrom, cofounder of the Flipped Learning Network, flipped learning is all about creating opportunities for active engagement. It’s “a pedagogical approach in which direct instruction moves from the group learning space to the individual learning space, and the resulting group space is transformed into a dynamic, interactive learning environment where the educator guides students as they apply concepts and engage creatively in the subject matter,” she explains.

The flipped learning approach is gaining traction every year. According to a 2014 survey from the Flipped Learning Network, 78 percent of teachers said they had flipped a lesson, and 96 percent of those who tried it said they would recommend it to other educators. 

Now, let's  move to Darrida and theory of deconstruction 

Who is derrida?

Jacques Derrida (1930–2004) was the founder of “deconstruction,” a way of criticizing not only both literary and philosophical texts but also political institutions. Although Derrida at times expressed regret concerning the fate of the word “deconstruction,” its popularity indicates the wide-ranging influence of his thought, in philosophy, in literary criticism and theory, in art and, in particular, architectural theory, and in political theory. 

Theory  of deconstruction 

Deconstruction theory, derived from the works of philosopher Jacques Derrida, is a theory of literary analysis that opposes the assumptions of structuralism. Its primary purpose is to discern the relationship between text and meaning

Here I have shared further information as an output of flipped learning  Task. 

What is  the meaning of deconstruction 

Derrida said that it Is not some thing destructed  but it is inquiring the condition

Why It is difficult to define  deconstruction 

First of all Derrida  asking  question that is it possible  to define something?or to what extent can we find something he refuses to define the term deconstruction  so it became more difficult to understand. 

How deconstruction  happens it own?

The very condition Derrida  argues that I based on discition  or binary opposition for this opposition Derrida use a term known as differAnce which is  French  term

Influence  of heidegger  on Derrida 

Heidegger  is  sprouts  from the Freud and Nietzche 

Philosophy  of heidegger

Heidagger  pointed out that western direction of Philosophy is avoided  the question  of being of being.

Concept of phonocentricism

Phonocentrism is the belief that sounds and speech are inherently superior to, or more primary than, written language or sign language. 

Concept of logocentricism

the illusion that the meaning of a word has its origin in the structure of reality and at the same time makes that truth part of that structure seem directly present to the mind

How Derrida deconstruct  the arbitration ?

First of all what is  arbitration ?

What connects a word with its meaning or as a signal with its meaning is convention . Convetion is always social.

How Derrida  use it?.

Darridism concept of diffrance 

In the concept of diffrance means what do you mean by understand.  The meaning  of  one word give the group of another word.

Differance with A

DifferAnce is not idea or concept but a force which make differentiation  possible  which makes postponing  possible

Yale school of deconstruction 

In this Yale school of deconstruction  there are 4 critics  

Paul de man

J.Hills Miller 

Harold Bloom

Geoffrey Hartman 

These people made deconstruction very popular in America 

In this school they were looking literature as per rhetorical and figurative meaning, but figurative language make the meaning problematic.  So these four  critics are showed that literature has multiple  meaning  of one word.

Deconstruction  theory  is difficult  for aesthics as well as historians 

Preoccupation  with romanticism 

Metaphor is being more objective  in romanticism but as per Paul de man  it is not metaphor but allegory  is  more important in romanticism 

WIDE SARGASSO SEA

This is a response of a thinking  activity  of wide sargasso  sea.A most famous novel by Jean Rhys. Which is given as a task to us.

About the writer

Jean Rhys, original name Ella Gwendolen Rees Williams, born August 24, 1890, Roseau, Dominica stands, West Indies—died May 14, 1979, Exeter, Devon, England, West Indian novelist who earned acclaim for her early works set in the bohemian world of Europe in the 1920s and ’30s but who stopped writing for nearly three decades, until she wrote a successful novel set in West Indies. 

The daughter of a Welsh doctor and a Creole mother, Rhys lived and was educated in Dominica until she went to London at the age of 16 and worked as an actress before moving to Paris. There she was encouraged to write by the English novelist Ford Madox Ford.

Works of Jean rhys

 Her first book, a collection of short stories, The Left Bank (1927), was followed by such novels as Postures (1928), After Leaving Mr. Mackenzie (1931), Voyage in the Dark (1934), and Good Morning, Midnight (1939).Wide Sargasso  Sea  (1966)

Characters of novel

About wide sargasso sea

Wide sargasso the title represents to the Sargasso Sea, a vast area of the northern Atlantic Ocean which is home to sargassum, a kind of seaweed. The Sargasso Sea is legendary for being an oceanic black hole, where ships get ensnared by huge forests of floating seaweed, or drift helplessly when the wind ceases to blow.

The title invites the reader to consider how the characters can be thought of as trapped in their own Sargasso Seas. They may be suspended in the murky passage between two worlds, between England and Jamaica, for example, or between racial identities, as Antoinette struggles with her white Creole heritage. But the terrors of the Sargasso Sea are also largely mythical, the product of sailor lore rather than historical or scientific fact. By linking itself to this mythical tradition, the novel asks the reader to consider the role of stories and fictions in the characters' lives, particularly when it comes to encountering experiences that are foreign, alien, and strange.

Antoinette Cosway, a creole, or Caribbean person of European descent, recounts her memories of growing up at her family’s estate, Coulibri, in Jamaica in the 1830‘s. Her family, consisting of her mother, Annette, and her mentally disabled younger brother, Pierre, are destitute and isolated after her father’s death and the passage of the Emancipation Act of 1833, which freed Jamaica’s slaves. Annette becomes withdrawn and depressed, shunning Antoinette and talking to herself. Antoinette seeks refuge in the gardens and the company of her nurse Christophine, who is known for her practice of obeah, a voodoo-like folk magic. Antoinette has a short-lived friendship with a little black girl, Tia, until the two fall out over a bet while they’re swimming, and Tia runs away with Antoinette’s money and clothes. After seeing Antoinette in Tia’s dirty dress, Annette resolves to lift the family out of poverty. She soon marries Mr. Mason, a wealthy Englishman. Mr. Mason has Coulibri completely renovated. The show of ostentatious wealth causes resentment in the neighboring village of poor ex-slaves. Annette and Aunt Cora, fearing retribution, urge Mr. Mason to move the family out of harm’s way, but he ignores them. One night, a mob sets fire to the house at Coulibri. The family narrowly escapes, but Pierre is badly injured. Antoinette descends into a fever for six weeks. When she finally awakes, she learns that Pierre has died, and that her mother Annette is being kept at a convalescent house in the country. Antoinette goes to visit her, but finds her mother unrecognizable, mad with grief.

Antoinette begins to attend an all-girl’s convent school. The nuns there instill the values of chastity and good behavior in their students, and place a high premium on appearance. Antoinette is comforted by the routines of the convent, but fails to find faith or solace in prayer. After eighteen months, during which time Annette has died, Mr. Mason comes to visit her and informs her that he is taking her out of the convent school, implying that there is a suitor waiting for her. Antoinette has a recurring nightmare about a stranger leading her through the woods and up a flight of stairs.

So, let's  see wide sargasso sea as a post colonial novel

What is post colonial theory?

postcolonialism, the historical period or state of affairs representing the aftermath of Western colonialism; the term can also be used to describe the concurrent project to reclaim and rethink the history and agency of people subordinated under various forms of imperialism. Postcolonialism signals a possible future of overcoming colonialism, yet new forms of domination or subordination can come in the wake of such changes, including new forms of global empire. Postcolonialism should not be confused with the claim that the world we live in now is actually devoid of colonialism.

Postcolonial theorists and historians have been concerned with investigating the various trajectories of modernity as understood and experienced from a range of philosophical, cultural, and historical perspectives. They have been particularly concerned with engaging with the ambiguous legacy of the Enlightenment—as expressed in social, political, economic, scientific, legal, and cultural thought—beyond Europe itself. The legacy is ambiguous, according to postcolonial theorists, because the age of Enlightenment was also an age of empire, and the connection between those two historical epochs is more than incidental.

Wide sargasso  sea as a post colonial  novel

Introduction 

Wide Sargasso Sea is one of the best-known literary postcolonial replies to the writing of Charlotte Bronte and a brilliant deconstruction of what is known as the author’s “worlding” in Jane Eyre .The novel written by Jean Rhys tells the story of Jane Eyre’s protagonist, Edward Rochester. The plot takes place in West Indies where Rochester met his first wife, Bertha Antoinette Mason. Wide Sargasso Sea influences the common reading and understanding of the matrix novel, as it rewrites crucial parts of Jane Eyre .

Jean Rhys’s attitude towards the representation of West Indian in Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre

Jean Rhys, who spent her childhood in the West Indies, read Jane Eyre as a teeneager and regreted the fact that she could not contribute to the story of Bertha Mason. The first Mrs Rochester, who is presented in Jane Eyre as a creature between a human and an animal, represents threat for the heroine and her marital happiness with Rochester.

Some important  dialogues  of novel

There are always two deaths, the real one and the one people know about. 

                                       -Antoinette  

Only the magic and the dream are true – all the rest's a lie. 

                                      -Rochester 

There is no looking glass here and I don't know what I am like now.

                                 -Antoinette

Have all beautiful things sad destinies

                                           -Rochester 

ABOUT CULUTURAL STUDIES

In this blog I have wrote about cultural  studies. Which is given as a task. So, what is culutural studies?

Defination  of cultural  studies

cultural studies, interdisciplinary field concerned with the role of social institutions in the shaping of culture. 

History  of  cultural studies 

Cultural studies emerged in Britain in the late 1950s and subsequently spread internationally, notably to the United States and Australia. Originally identified with the Center for Contemporary Cultural Studies at the University of Birmingham (founded 1964) and with such scholars as Richard Hoggart, Stuart Hall, and Raymond Williams, cultural studies later became a well-established field in many academic institutions, and it has since had broad influence in sociology, anthropology, historiography, literary criticism, philosophy, and art criticism. Among its central concerns are the place of race or ethnicity, class, and gender in the production of cultural knowledge

About cultural  studies 

Cultural studies does not begin with a general theory of culture but rather views cultural practices as the intersection of many possible effects. It does not start by defining culture or its effects, or by assembling, in advance, a set of relevant dimensions within which to describe particular practices. Instead, cultural practices are places where different things can and do happen. Nor can one assume, in advance, how to describe the relation of specific cultural formations to particular organizations of power. Consequently, the common assumption that cultural studies is, necessarily, a theory of ideology and representation, or of identity and subjectivity, or of the circulation of communication (production-text-consumption), or of hegemony, is mistaken. Cultural studies often addresses such issues, but that is the result of analytic work on the context rather than an assumption that overwhelms the fact. 

Concept of Michel  fauculot 

Foucault uses the term ‘ power&knowledge that‘power/knowledge’ to signify that power is constituted through accepted forms of knowledge, scientific understanding and ‘truth’:

power is constituted through accepted forms of knowledge, scientific understanding and ‘truth’:

‘Truth is a thing of this world: it is produced only by virtue of multiple forms of constraint.  And it induces regular effects of power. 

There are six sources of power

1Physical force

2Wealth 

3State government 

4Social norms

5Ideas

6Numbers

My understanding 

I believe that whatever sources of power in this but one may diagnosis  that who is in the power?and by which source they control  over the people so in short I believe that power  is always to be question