in this blog i have wrote about Future of post colonial studies which was given as a thinking activity by Dr. Dilip Barad sir.
What is post colonial studies?
Postcolonialism is the critical academic study of the cultural, political and economic legacy of colonialism and imperialism , focusing on the impact of human control and exploitation of colonized people and their lands. More specifically, it is a critical theory analysis of the history, culture, literature, and discourse of (usually European) imperial power.
Postcolonialism encompasses a wide variety of approaches, and theoreticians may not always agree on a common set of definitions. On a simple level, through anthropological study, it may seek to build a better understanding of colonial life—based on the assumption that the colonial rulers are unreliables —from the point of view of the colonized people. On a deeper level, postcolonialism examines the social and political power relationships that sustain colonialism and neocolonialism including the social, political and cultural narratives surrounding the colonizer and the colonized. This approach may overlap with studies of contemparory history and may also draw examples from anthropology, history graphy ,Science, philosophy, sociology and human geography Sub-disciplines of postcolonial studies examine the effects of colonial rule on the practice of feminism, anarchism, literature, and christian thought.
Future Of Post Colonial studies
in this topic there are two articles the first one is about is the article of Ania Loomba
1. Conclusion : Globalization and the Future of Post Colonial studies.
This article starts with the global war of terror. article also include the attck of 9/11. this violent events is also part of globalization.
Post colonial study is the very violent events like this is also a part of the phenomenon we think of as globalization.
Michel Hardt & Antonio Negri : 'Empire'
Empire argues that where as old imperial world was marked by competition between different European powers. new order terrorized by a single power.
Empire manages hybrid identities, flexible hierarchies, and plural exchanges through modulating networks of command. The Distinct national colors of the imperial map of the world have merged and blended in the imperial global rainbow.
hardet and negri do not identify united states as a new power although they do not argue that empire is born through expansion of the internal US constitutional project', a project which sought to include and incorporate minorities into the mainstream rather than simply expel or exclude them
Empire is imperial and not imperialist because it does not consist powerful nations that aim to invade ,destroy, and subsume subject.
Samuel Huntington - Clash of Civilization
Samuel Huntington talk about clash of civilization anti-Semitism and Islamophobia (Lambert 2004). Early modern views modern views of Muslims and Jews are also important in reminding us that 'culture' and 'biology
P. Sainath - "And Then There was The Market"
Market fundamentalism destroys more human lives than any other simply because it cuts across all national, cultural, geographic, religious and other boundaries. It’s as much at home in Moscow as in Mumbai or Minnesota. A South Africa – whose advances in the early 1990s thrilled the world – moved swiftly from apartheid to neo-liberalism. It sits as easily in Hindu, Islamic or Christian societies. And it contributes angry, despairing recruits to the armies of all religious fundamentalisms.
Based on the premise that the market is the solution to all the problems of the human race, it is, too, a very religious fundamentalism. It has its own Gospel: The Gospel of St. Growth, of St. Choice...
the market gives you a choice only if you have money. The more money you have the greater the choice you enjoy.
It has its temples of learning and its sects. Like The Marie Antoinette School of Economics (or the ‘Let them-eat-cake’ crowd) in which India is emerging a world leader. Its sacred triad of privatization, globalization and hi-tech-fixes-all, doctrines.
for more information click on the link.https://www.india-seminar.com/2001/497/497%20p.%20sainath.htm#:~:text=And%20then%20there%20was%20the%20market%20P.%20SAINATH,It%20wasn%E2%80%99t%20just%20India%20with%2044%20million
Controversy Around Nestle Company
The globalization of Nestle has brought both negative and positive impacts on the environment.
On one hand, Nestle is working at creating products which are less harmful to the earth. For example, Nestle Waters uses eco-friendly plastic water bottles that are “made with at least thirty less plastic than the average half-liter bottle”. Also, the company has succeeded in reducing the packaging weight due to the collaboration between the Nestle waters R&D center and the packaging agencies. Since 2008, greenhouse gas emissions and non-renewable energy impacts for the packaging process have been reduced by 19 percent in Nestle Waters. In addition, the company uses renewable energy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. As a matter of fact, Nestle Mexico obtains 85 percent of its electricity from wind power.
On the other hand, Nestlé’s globalization has greater negative effects on the environment such as pollution and the abuse of resources. For instance, according to Greenpeace, Nestle failed to obey the regulations in China and discharged huge waste in rivers and lakes there. Also, the company illegally pumped millions of gallons of water from California’s San Bernardino National Forest for ten years, which is against the federal law. for more information click on this link
https://icuhighschool.wordpress.com/2016/06/12/nestle-and-globalization/
Controversy Around Maggi
There is also controversy around maggi it can be called as example of Globalization. A dark side or down side of the globalization.
For more information click on this link https://www.indiatoday.in/education-today/gk-and-current-affairs/story/maggi-controversy-why-it-is-being-banned-in-india-255448-2015-06-03
Movies:
Reluctant Fundamentalism:
The conflict between market fundamentalism and religious fundamentalism in the aftermath of 9/11
Sonali cable: -
conflict between a girl who runs local tv/internet cable service vs giant company 'Shining' which started providing broadband.
2. CONCLUSION: THE FUTURE OF POSTCOLONIAL STUDIES.
"No longer have a Postcolonial perspective.I think Postcolonial is the day before yesterday"
Arundhati Roy
She reminds us that tribal people in central India have a history of resistance that predates Mao by centuries.
In that Luxemburg's ideas remain important today for two reasons.
1.She alert us to the deep historical connection between trade and colonialism.
2.She reminds us that accumulation is a constant process rather than a past event.
According to Harvey,
All the features of primitive accumulation that Marx mentions have remained powerfully present with capitalism’s historical geography until now. Displacement of peasant populations and the formation of a landless proletariat has accelerated in countries such as Mexico and India in the last three decades, many formerly common property resources, such as water, have been privatised (often at World Bank insistence) … alternative (indigenous and even, in the case of the United States, petty commodity) forms of production and consumption have been suppressed. Nationalised industries have been privatised. Family farming has been taken over by agribusiness. And slavery has not disappeared.
As per Chakrabarty
Climate change, refracted through global capital, will no doubt accentuate the logic of inequality that runs through the rule of capital; some people will no doubt gain temporarily at the expense of others. But the whole crisis cannot be reduced to a story of capitalism.
Example:
Film:Sherni
in This movie it can be observed that how one tiger is stuck between that place where industrial development was grown up. The story goes like this tiger became the talk of town and politicians use this for upcoming elections. One forest officer called Vidhya tries to save a tiger and send them to a zoo and one professor helped her and at the climax of the movie we found that at the middle there is a mill. Tiger is not able to across it and that’s why she stuck.
No comments:
Post a Comment