INDIAN POETICS

To understand what is Indian poetics in deep meaning Dr. Vinod Joshi took a lecture for this. He talks about rasa, dhavni, auchitya,  riti, alankar and many other topics.Here I wrote all of these according  to my understanding. 

Here in Indian poetics there are 6 main critics, who talk about all these topics.

Anand vardhan, kuntank, bhamah, abhinavagupta,  kshemendra, rajshekhar

Six sampraday 

Rasa samprday

Dhwani sampraday 

Vakrokti sampraday

Riti sampraday 

Alankar  sampraday 

Auchitya  sampraday 

Dr. Vinod Joshi sir also gave us the definition  of the poem .

What is a poem?

शब्दार्थ  सहित  काव्य

Poem means where there are words or meaning it is called a poem.

 Rasa samprday 

On this ras samprday rajshekhar wrote a book on it the name of this book kavyamimamsa  

in this book he told that creator should  have two capacity

1.capacity to create something

2. Capacity to experience  something.

 Bharatmuni also talks that how to generate  rasa  in literature

Here  bharatmuni who is originator  of this sampraday gave the definition  of  how the रस  निष ् पत ् ति  take  a place In literature. 

विभव अनुभव व्यभिचारी संयोगा रस निष्पत्ति

As per bharat muni there are 8 rasas  in  natya shastra bharatamuni also added 9th rasa in this. 

9 Rasa of Indian poetics 

શુંગાર  રસ

કરૂણ  રસ

વીર  રસ

રૌદ્ર રસ

હાસ્ય રસ

ભયાનક  રસ

બિભત્સ  રસ 

શાંત  રસ

અદ્ભુત  રસ

There in the rasa theory four speakers throw light on this theory 

Bhatt lolatt:uttptivaad 

As per bhatt loatt rasa generated from the character,before that rasa has no existence at all.

Shree shankuk:Anumiti vaad

 As per shankuk  Rasa has no existence  at all,it has assumption.

Bhatt nayak:sadharni karan

 સાધારણ  means common, which is gave us experience  of rasa.

Abhinav gupta:

As per abhinavagupta  rasa is neither  generated  nor assumption. It has given the readers pleasure. 

As per bharat there is four types of acting

1.organic acting (આંગિક અભિનય)

2.Reading acting (વાંચીક અભિનય)

3.Satvik acting. (સાત્વિક  અભિનય)

4.   Dietary acting   (આહાર્ય અભિનય)

Dhwani sampraday 

काव्यास्यात्मां ध्वनिरीति ।

        -Anandvardhana

 The Dhvani doctrine is not explicitly indicated in grammar.  But Dhvani is alluded to in some satirical metaphors.  The word sound is used in five senses in poetry,

1વ્યંજક શબ્દ

2વ્યંજક અર્થ

3વ્યંજના શક્તિ

4વ્યંગ્યાર્થ

5વ્યંગ્યાર્થ પ્રધાન ધ્વનિકાવ્ય

Here as per Anand vardhan three types of dhvani 

વસ્તુ ધ્વનિ:માત્ર  વિચારો  વિશેનો ધ્વનિ એટલે  વસ્તુ ધ્વનિ

અલંકાર  ધ્વનિ:અલંકાર  વાક્ય  મા ભાર લાવવા  નું કાર્ય  કરે  છે. 

રસ ધ્વનિ : આ ધ્વનિ કાવ્ય મા રસ  ઉત્પન્ન  કરે  છે. 

Anand Vardhan  use a word પ્રતિયમાન  અર્થ. For this dhwani sampraday 

What is meaning of pratiyaman 

પ્રતિયમાન એટલે  જે  છે  તે  નહીં  એ સિવાય  બીજું  સમજાય  તે 

Vakrokti sampraday 

For understanding of  this vakrokti  kuntaka  Is originator  of this sampraday He has called Vakrokti the soul of poetry and has given a book called  "vakrokti jivita"

In this book he gave 6 types of vakrokti. 

1 વર્ણ  વર્ણવિન્યાસ વક્રતા

2પદ પૂર્વાર્ધ વક્રતા

3પ્રત્યય વક્રતા

4વાક્ય વક્રતા

5પ્રકરણ વક્રતા

6પ્રબંધ વક્રતા

Kuntak also tries to incorporate Dhvani into Vakrokti.  Its influence was such that the phonological principles of the past were compelled to consider the types of Dhvani as Vakrokti. Thus irony (Vakrokti) is the predominant principle of genre science.  Kuntak rightly said that, 

विचित्रैव अभिधा वक्रोक्तिरित्युच्यते ।

એટલે કે વિચિત્ર પ્રકારની અભિધા એ વક્રોક્તિ કહેવાય છે.

Alankar  sampraday 

The originator  of this alankar sampraday was bhamah  according  to him alankar I only which creates a more interesting poem and for deep understanding  of this he wrote the book named kavya alankar. 

T.s eliot also said about this that  figure of speech(અલંકાર) is objective  also It is co relative.

Here are three types of alankar.

1.શબ્દ અલંકાર :in this type of alankar only word give pleasure to readers.

2. અર્થાલંકાર:meaning of the word gave pleasure to readers.

3.ઊભયા લંકાર:meaning  and word both gave pleasure to readers

Riti sampraday 

Riti means style  as it  said in sanskrit that, 

शीले  भवा शैली 

The promoter of the Riti sect is the Vamana.  In his treatise entitled "કાવ્યાલંકારસુત્રવૃત્તિ" he defines ritual as follows, 

रीतिरात्मा काव्यस्य ।

("રીતિ એ કાવ્ય નો આત્મા છે")

According to Vamana  a true creator  should have his own style . Style is the soul of creation. The style has three different section and that is 

1Style as per country

2Style as per language 

3Style as per nature 

Auchitya samprday

The Auchitya (justification) principle of Indian literary philosophy is known as the Auchitya (justification) sect or theory of Acharya Kshemendra.  The idea of ​​justification comes from Bharata's Natyashastra.  For example, in a play, costume, speed, text, acting, etc.

જ્યાં  કોઈ  ખામી કે  ક્ષતિ  નથી  તેને  ઔચિત્ય  કહેવાય. 

According  to kshemndra auchitya  is primary factor of literature.

 Conclusion 
To wind up we can say that different sects of poetry are obtained.  In which some make the inner beauty of poetry the best, some emphasize the outer beauty.  In this way care is taken that there is no fault in the poem.  Emphasis is placed on certain parts of poetry or certain perspectives on poetry.  As a result 6 schools of poetry emerged.