An overview of Romantic Period
in literature is difficult to define simply. Generally, though, we can say that the Romantic Movement took place in the 18th and 19th centuries, most notably in England and America. The writings of this period reacted in part against the preceding Age of Enlightenment, with its emphasis on clear, rational thought. The Romantics, as we'll see, took a more subjective approach to examining their surroundings.
Second creative period of Literature:
Romantic literature is also known as the second creative period of literature. In literature of this period, the readers can see the creativity as well as the power of imagination and many other characteristics like worshipper of nature, worshipper of beauty etc.
Most literary figure:
In the period of romantic age there is two major literary figure wordsworth & coleridge they both are known as most commending literary figure of this age.
Historical Background :
Effect of French Revolution
In the age of romanticism there is the effect of the French Revolution because in this age readers get freedom to write anything freely, in this age poets & writers get liberty, equality,fraternity also. In the works of Poets it is seen that type of effect.
Reform Bill
Prevention of child labour
In the French Revolution there is passed a reform bill also, in this reform bill it is seen that the people raised voice about the prevention of child labor.
The abolition restriction upon catholic in parliament
In the age of puritan there was religious tolerance between catholic &protestant but because of passing the reform bill, the people of catholic religion got freedom to go in the parliament without any restrictions.
Freedom of press:
In this age, media also get freedom to show write anything about country, as well as they get also freedom to give a critical analysis of anything or anyone,which is not allowed during the other periods like puritan period also.
Abolition of slavery
Before the Romantic age there is two class which is belonging masters workers. The class of this two getting Improvement because of the French Revolution &reform bill there is abolition of slavery also take place.
Establishment of thousands of school
In this age there are thousands of schools, these all changes were possible because of the French revolution.
Economic conditions:
Increasing wealth:
In this age there is also a point to be noted that the economical condition of that age is also known as the age of industrial revolution also. In this age it is to be noticed that distribution of money is not equal, there is unequal distribution of money and as a result of unequal distribution the rich became richer and the poor became poorer at that time. English man &women become slaves towards slaves of the workhorses. They used to work for hours. This type of effect the readers can see by the Oliver Twist which is written by Charles dickens. Dickens also wrote the other text like Hard times it is also deals with the industrial revolution and because of this Revolution the changes
Agriculture machinery
In this age there is Agriculture machinery also takes place because of this there is development but the side effects also take place like skilled hand workers are getting unemployment.
Agriculture development ;
Agriculture development there is heavy duty on corn, wheat and other food also
So it can be seen that because of revolution it changes the rules of society as well as it can be harmful for some people like the worker class getting unemployment because of this type of revolution..
Characteristics of romantic age:
Here are some characteristics by which the readers can came across how the romantic age was.
Romantic enthusiasm
The age was full of romantic enthusiasm in this age people likes to nature as well as imagination&creativity. So in that age we can consider romantic Poets like wordsworth, coleridge byron and others also. Scott make the age more enthusiastic also. By the works of Poets. In this age poets also deals with imaginative writing like coleride wrote an imaginary poetry The Easter holidays
Hail! festal Easter that dost bring
Approach of sweetly-smiling spring,
When Nature's clad in green:
By this line of coleridge poetry the reader can consider that coleridge have a very powerful imaginary.
Woman as a novelist
In this age there is woman consider as novelist , before romantic age woman has no freedom to write of speak any thing but in this age woman establish as a novelist. In this age there are many female novelist gave their contribution to English literature. Some are famous novelist like Jane Austan, Mary shelley ,and Anne Radcliffe.Radcliffe is consider as most famous novelist of this age , but his novels are not so populared like Jane Austan&Mary shelley.
in the novel of Jane Austen the readers can find that it is type of feminist novel&she also raise voice against the society as well as questions regarding marriage institutions &also female position in the society.
On the other hand in the novels of Mary shelley it can be seen that female are not protagonist they are played side role.so can br said that Mary shelley did not given much importce to female characters. In her novel man is protagonist and man us superior then female character.
Age of poetry
This age also known as age of poetry because rather than any other work poetry is most written by the Poets.
Modern magazine:
This age can be consider as the age of magazines because in this age such magazines were written&also published by the publishers. There are serial magazines like blackwood magazines and other magazines also,though it is time of magazines the work of critics are criticise alot.
Poets of romantic age
Walter scott:
Scott became an instant best seller with historical narrative poems like The Lay of the Last Minstrel (1805), followed by The Lady of the Lake (1810), Rokeby (1813), and The Lord of the Isles (1815).
Robert southey:
Robert Southey was an English poet of the Romantic school, and Poet laureate from 1813 until his death. Like the other Lake Poets, William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Southey had begun as a radical but become steadily more conservative as he gained respect for Britain and its institutions.
Poems of southey : curse of kehama
Madoc
John of arc
Lord Byron:
Lord Byron was a British Romantic poet and satirist whose poetry and personality captured the imagination of Europe. Although made famous by the autobiographical poem Childe Harold's Pilgrimage (1812–18)—and his many love affairs—he is perhaps better known today for the satiric realism of Don Juan.
Apart from don Juan Byron wrote many other poems like The dream, Lara A tale.
Percy byshhe shelley :
Shelley was a famous English romantic poet whose poetry reflects passion, beauty, imagination, love, creativity, political liberty and nature. Being very sensitive and possessing distinctive qualities of hope, love, joy and imagination, Shelley strongly believed in realization of human happiness. His works are
Ozymandins
To A skylark
Love's philosophy
Including these all poems shelley wrote many other poems also.
John keats:
John Keats was an English Romantic lyric poet whose verse is known for its vivid imagery and great sensuous appeal. His reputation grew after his early death, and he was greatly admired in the Victorian age.
This all Poets were dealing with some type of characterstics in their poems,by this characteristics readers can understand the idea , they mostly dealing with
Poeer of imagination
Creativity
Worshipper of beauty
Worshipper of nature
In the poetry of wordsworth the readers can see the he is worshipping nature alot. In the daffodils he is worshipping the nature.
In the poetry of coleridge the reader can see power of creativity by the poems of coleridge.
In poetry of keats, reader can came across that keats is worshipping the beauty of woman. In his work la Bella Dame sons mercy the reader can see this
In the poetry of byron it is shown by the work of byron that he has power of imagination alot.
Conclusion:
To sum up this romantic period the readers can came across the truth that how romantic period play role to enhance the English literature and how it is known as A CREATIVE PERIOD of English literature.
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